Effects of Caffeinated Beverages on Attention Performance

personal effects of Caffeinated Beverold ages on trouble PerformanceCaffeinated Beverages and their Effects on tutelage Performance T waitsCory JonesMethodologyAs per the requirements of the study, we allow for try to understand how the consumptions of heftiness caffeinated sucks affect the Attention Task slaying for participants. We volition conduct this psychic political campaign on 20 participants (10 male and 10 female) selected randomly from the University of Michigan- Flint campus. Since the participants in the experiment leave be college students, we expect them to be within the age range of 18-25 years. From the initial group, participants lead be screened to meet the requirements of the campaign. The selected 20 participants provide be asked to possess the Conners continuous Performance Task (Conners, 2004). The end little performance essay is considered one of the best ways to measure management and vigilance behavior of participants. This study is also u sed to identify patients with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Dis delegates. The day-and-night Performance Task measures the attention and impulsivity level of the participants.In this particular experiment we pull up stakes use the augurrized version of the Conners Continuous Performance Test deuce-ace. We forget use 20 computers and continue this test tw icing the puck to ensure all participants undergo the process. In this version of the test letters of the alphabet ar presented in front of the participants for 250ms, the serveent result be instructed to press the keyboard every time they understand the letter X. There will be six blocks for this test for each one of these blocks will contain three sub blocks with 20 letters in them. therefore there will be eighteen sub blocks and the inter stimulant intervals (ISI) for each sub block will vary from 1-4 mins, so that the participants will not get used to the pattern of the test. The order of the ISI will be mi xed and participants will fork out no inkling about the order in which the letters will appear. The letters presented to the participants will be prominent and approximately 1 inch in size. The instructor will ask all participants to read through the test procedure on the computer screen. A small trial of 20 letters will run twice to help participants get used to the procedure. The test will take approximately 15 legal proceeding per participant therefore we will perk the baseline information for 60 participants in one hour.In the beside phase of the experiment, the participants will be asked to consume 300ml of a caffeinated energy drink that will be given in an unmarked opaque shaping cup. Participants will be given the drinks separately, so that they do not talk over or try to guess the contents of the drink. 30 minutes later consumption of the caffeinated drinks the participants will be again asked to take the Conners Continuous Performance test.All subjects will be paid for participating in the experiment. The data collected from the 60 participants will be on both aspects, the test performance score on Inattentiveness and omission, and reaction times. The data collected will be the dependent variable, while the presence or absence of caffein in the system will be the autarkic variable or the repeated measures for the related groups.AnalysisWe will for the first time run normality tests on the data obtained from the study using IBM SPSS v 22 software. Since the sample size is above 50, we will use the Shapiro Wilk test to understand the distribution of the data since we have sample size of less than 50 individuals. If the data has a single peak, we will use parametric tests like paired sample T-test or repeated measures ANOVA to see how the test scores differ in the midst of the two conditions. On the other(a) hand, if the data is not normally distributed, we will use Wilcoxon Signed straddle test to see if there is a difference between th e attention performances scores before and aft(prenominal) caffeine consumption from the baseline.Participant screenThe participants will be asked to fill up an information questionnaire they will be selected based on the results of the questionnaire. Participants who have a history of psychological disorders and who are before long or have in the last few months consumed psychoactive medication or medication that affects CNS will be excluded. Participants, who have a familial history of violence, domestic abuse, divorce or mental disorders, will also be excluded. Participants will be asked if they are presently feeling depressed or stressed due to any circumstances, those who respond in the affirmative will be removed from the experiment. The remaining participants will be asked to stay away from alcohol or caffeine (tea, coffee, chocolates, ice cream etc.) for 48 hours and the experiment will be performed on the second day of screening. This will be done because serum caffeine has a half-life of 5-6 hours (Statland Demas, 1980). All participants will be asked to consume the same expression of salad and water before appearing for the experiment. On the day of the experiment participants will be allowed to ease into the experiment setup for 5 minutes and later on a brief instruction video the study will commence. info CollectionThe responses of the participants will be measured in terms of true statement and response times. Accuracy will be measured in the part of X detected vs. presented, so the participants will be exposed to diametric number of Xs at each computer in both trials. The reaction time will be automatically measured by the computer in milliseconds. Data will be generated for each of the 20 partcipants, which will be presented in the form shown in range 1 and figure 2. The numerical scores as shown in figure 1 will be copied into SPSS software and exploratory and frequentist statistical analyses will be run.HypothesisFor this experime nt, we hypothesize that the caffeine trials will improve the test performance of the participants (n=20). The null Hypothesis for this study (Ho) is that there will be no significant difference in test performance between the two trials.PredictionsOver the course of years, a number of studies have essay to ascertain the effect on caffeine on bodily functions. Studies show that in subjects exposed to small amounts of caffeine, the level of visual acuity increased(Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos, Roehrs, Lipschutz, Timms, Roth, 1990). Various other studies also looked at the effects of caffeine on the driving alertness of the subjects(Brice Smith, 2001). There is a significant corpus of literature that exists on the effects of caffeine on the alertness level of human subjects however we syllabus to conduct the tests in a more controlled environment. Based on the alert literature review we can predict that the test group will show significant improvement in attention task performance com pared to the control group.ReferencesBrice, C., Smith, A. (2001). The effects of caffeine on simulated driving, subjective alertness and sustained attention. Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental, 16(7), 523531.Conners, B. C. K. (2014). Conners Continuous Performance Test III ( CPT III V . 5 ).Michael, N., Johns, M., Owen, C., Patterson, J. (2008). Effects of caffeine on alertness as measured by infrared reflectance oculography. Psychopharmacology, 200(2), 255260.Statland, B. E., Demas, T. J. (1980). Serum caffeine half-lives. Healthy subjects vs. patients having alcoholic hepatic disease. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 73(3), 390393.Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos, A., Roehrs, T. A., Lipschutz, L., Timms, V., Roth, T. (1990). Effects of caffeine on alertness. Psychopharmacology, 100(1), 3639.Supporting Information In the under figure we see that in a study by Michael, Johns, Owen, Patterson, (2008) it was be that the reaction time of participants treated with caf feine dropped within 30 minutes of consumption and stayed lower than the control group even 4 hours after the treatment. Therefore we can see that the caffeine increases alertness and reduces latency in behavior response times in subjects.Budget.