Punishment as a form of behaviour modification Essay -- essays researc

IntroductionPunishment is a process done which the consequence of a receipt fall downs the likelihood that the response exit drop off (Gray, 2002, pp.115). Further, penalisation can be seen as an effort to decrease the response rate to stimuli by either removing a desired stimulus or presenting one which is undesired (Gray, 2002). Recent studies suggest that punishment can be an force outive method of conduct modification. However, as reported in Lerman and Vorndran (2002), at that place are a number of limitations to punishment as an intervention and resultant negative side effects. For this reason, accredited principles upon which the implementation of a successful punishment is dependent must be adhered to. In accordance to these findings, this essay will contend that whilst there are alternative means to operant conditioning, certain punishment techniques have been proven to be effectual and in roughly aspects advantageous.The effectiveness of punishmentPunishment is one of the most used, but to the lowest degree understood and badly administered, aspects of learning (Luthans, 1977, pp.300). As mentioned earlier, punishment is anything which weakens behaviour and tends to decrease it in subsequent frequency. Positive punishment is the method of administering negative consequences upon the position of an action whereas Negative punishment involves the termination of positive consequences. In revision to work, either case must weaken and decrease the behaviour which preceded the industry or withdrawal of the stimuli. Skinner (1953) stipulated that we must defy the urge to pit a form of stimuli as desired or undesired as a whole but rather to identify them by their effect on the observed subject.Whether punishment is effective depends on the criteria applied or the objectives to be achieved. That is, before we can say it is useful we must lease whether we desire an immediate or a lasting effect, and at how gamey a cost. There is some evidenc e to suggest that when punishment is administered in the form of aversive stimulation, it acts to set aside behaviour temporarily. When it is withdrawn, the punished behaviour cursorily gains strength. If the punishment is more severe and given consistently, it may act to suppress behaviour for a longer period of time (Skinner, 1953). Historically, the efficacy of punishment has been appreciated only in the pa... ... determine its utility (Lerman & Vorndran, 2002). Ultimately, if punishment is necessary, it should evermore be used in combination with positive reinforcement (Luthans, 1977, p.517).ReferencesBlackham, G.J., & Silberman, A. (1971). passing of boor Behaviour. Belmont, California Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc.Browning, R.M., & Stover, D.O. (1971). Behaviour Modification in Child Treatment. Chicago AldineAtherton, Inc.Gray, P. (2002). Psychology (4th ed.). New York Worth Publishers.Lerman, D. C., & Vorndran, C. M. (2002). On the status of intimacy for using punis hment Implications for treating behavior disorders. Journal of Applied demeanor Analysis, 35, 431-464.Lieberman, D. A. (2000). Learning, Behavior and Cognition (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA Wadsworth/Thomson Learning. Chapter 7Luthans, F. (1977). Organizational Behaviour. United States of America McGraw-Hill, Inc.Sanson, A., Montgomery, B., Gault, U., Gridley, H., & Thomson, D. (1996). Punishment and behaviour change An Australian Psychology Society position paper. Australian Psychologist, 31, 157-165.Skinner, B. F. (1953). accomplishment and human behaviour. New York Macmillan Co.